How Does a Pre-Purchase Inspection for Cars Work?
Buying a used car can save money, but it comes with risks. A pre-purchase inspection can help avoid those risks.
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A pre-purchase inspection is a comprehensive evaluation done by a qualified mechanic to assess the condition of a used car before you buy it. The goal of a pre-purchase inspection is to identify existing problems and potential future issues before deciding whether to proceed with the purchase.
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Why is a pre-purchase inspection important?
A pre-purchase inspection (PPI) is an essential step in the used-car-buying process, and it offers four main benefits.
Uncovers hidden issues. A PPI can reveal vehicle problems not easily detected during a visual inspection, such as engine issues, transmission trouble or frame damage. Even during a test drive, some problems wouldn’t be apparent to an untrained person.
Provides peace of mind. Knowing the exact condition of a used car helps you make an informed decision. It reduces the likelihood of buying a car that leaves you stranded or has major repair bills down the road.
Ensures safety. A PPI includes checking that all safety features are functioning correctly, so you can have greater assurance that you, your passengers and other drivers are protected.
Helps with negotiation. If a mechanic discovers issues during a pre-purchase inspection, it can help you to negotiate a lower car price or request repairs before you buy.
What does a pre-purchase car inspection include?
Usually a standard pre-purchase inspection involves the following, but details can vary depending on the provider.
☐ Exterior inspection. Checks for signs of accidents, flood damage, rust or paint inconsistencies. Includes aspects like tire condition, underbody damage and window cracks.
☐ Interior inspection. Assesses the condition of upholstery, mats, the headliner (ceiling) and seat belts. Includes inside lights, air conditioning, gauges, infotainment and other electrical items.
☐ Mechanical evaluation. Examines the engine, transmission, brakes, steering, suspension and exhaust systems for wear or damage. Includes checking for leaks and missing parts.
☐ Diagnostic testing. Uses specialized tools to detect error codes or issues within the vehicle's computer systems.
☐ Test drive. Evaluates the car's performance, including acceleration, braking and handling.
☐ EV inspections. Includes assessing battery health and whether degradation is normal for the car’s age.
Where to get a pre-purchase inspection
When deciding where to take a car for a pre-purchase inspection, it’s important to choose the provider yourself. For example, if you’re buying a car from a private seller, don’t rely on a pre-purchase inspection report they provide.
These people and places typically offer pre-purchase inspections.
Local mechanics. You may already have a relationship with a trusted mechanic who will provide an unbiased assessment. This could be someone who works independently or for a body shop.
Specialized technicians. For specific makes or models, a technician familiar with that brand can provide more detailed insights.
Mobile inspection services. These services come to the vehicle's location, offering convenience, especially for private sales. This is also a good option if you’re buying a car in another state.
Dealerships. Some dealerships offer PPIs, but it's not recommended to have the inspection done at the same dealership where you’re buying the car. If you’re buying from a used car lot, you might get an inspection at the service center of the new car dealership for that brand.
National retailer. Some chains, such as tire and oil change businesses, provide car inspections at a lower cost.
If the car is a certified pre-owned (CPO) vehicle, factory-trained mechanics have already inspected it as a requirement for manufacturer certification. CPO cars are also sold with a warranty. A third-party, pre-purchase inspection may not be as critical for a CPO vehicle, but you can still get one if you want the added reassurance.
How much does a pre-purchase inspection cost?
The typical cost of a pre-purchase inspection is about $100 to $300. Prices vary based on where you live, the depth of the inspection and where it’s done. Even though this is an added expense, it can prevent you from buying a damaged car and save you from costly repairs in the future.
Members of AAA and Auto Club may have access to discounts on pre-purchase inspections.
When to schedule a pre-purchase inspection
The best time to arrange a PPI is after you’ve narrowed down your vehicle choices but before you finalize a purchase. This timing ensures that any issues discovered can influence your decision-making process or negotiation strategy. Taking a car for an inspection when you test drive it can save you time.