Trump’s Tariffs Begin: Here’s What Could Get More Expensive
From staples to luxuries and major purchases, new tariffs could have wide-ranging effects on consumer prices.
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Updated on April 11.
Sweeping tariffs affecting virtually all U.S. trade partners are now in effect. For details on how Trump is implementing tariffs during his second term, see the latest tariff news.
As President Donald Trump executes his plan to enact tariffs on all imported goods, it could have a profound effect on consumers’ wallets.
The 2025 tariffs, as they stand on April 11, are likely to increase consumer prices by an additional 2.9%, according to The Budget Lab at Yale University. That calculation assumes that the Federal Reserve takes no action on interest rates.
The analysis found that typical household purchasing power will be reduced by $4,700 for the year. And because tariffs are regressive, the costs will most burden households with the least disposable income.
As a result, U.S. shoppers could see prices rise for a wide range of items, including:
Everyday essentials like food, car repairs and clothing.
Luxuries like consumer electronics, jewelry and cosmetics.
Major purchases like new cars and homes.
Goods made by U.S. manufacturers using imported raw materials and equipment.
That’s because tariffs are paid by the domestic companies importing foreign goods and materials, and those companies tend to raise consumer prices to cover higher import costs. After Trump’s victory, U.S. companies selling a range of products confirmed that if his tariff plans are enacted, they’ll raise their prices.
As the U.S. goes tit-for-tat with trade partners who enact retaliatory tariffs, the resulting trade war could intensify consumer price hikes.
What could get more expensive
The U.S. is the biggest importer in the world, with the majority of foreign goods coming from China, Mexico and Canada, according to the Office of the U.S. Trade Representative. Imports into the U.S. fall roughly into five categories that vary in how visible they are to the average consumer: food; consumer goods; vehicles, including engines and parts; industrial supplies and materials; and capital goods.
Food
The U.S. imported roughly $216.1 billion worth of food in 2024, according to U.S. Census Bureau data.
Some imported food and beverage items (like coffee beans, cocoa, sugar and some fruits) can’t be sourced domestically; other items aren’t produced at enough scale to meet current U.S. demand. That means consumers could expect food prices to rise, especially these types of items:
Fruit and fruit juices
Fish and shellfish
Bakery products
Vegetables
Meat products
Wine, beer and other alcoholic beverages
Food oils
Unroasted coffee
Dairy products and eggs
Tea and other spices
Nuts
Sugar
Cocoa beans
Consumer goods
Cell phones, clothes, household appliances, toys, sporting equipment, appliances, cosmetics, shoes, cookware — the list of imported consumer goods is long and totaled more than $806 billion in 2024, accounting for about a quarter of all imports recorded through December.
In public comments, U.S. companies that sell imported consumer goods — including Walmart, E.l.F. Beauty, Steve Madden, Columbia Sportswear and Stanley Black & Decker — have said that price hikes on some items are likely if Trump’s tariff plans come to fruition.
Additionally, a study by the Consumer Technology Association predicts tariffs would raise prices on laptops and tablets, video game consoles and smartphones.
A few examples highlighting the potential impact of newly enacted tariffs:
Chinese textile imports ranging from clothing to household linens totaled $36.1 billion in 2023.
Another $5.53 billion in textiles were imported from Mexico.
The U.S. also imported $57.6 billion in miscellaneous goods from China, including video games, toys, sports equipment, mattresses and light fixtures.
Autos
A 25% tariff on all automobile imports took effect April 3. As a result, the Yale Budget Lab estimates car prices will go up 12% in the short term. The increase will rise over time to 19%. In the long-run, auto tariffs will increase the cost of an average new car (in 2024) by $9,000.
The U.S. imported $474.3 billion in automotive vehicles, parts and engines in 2024, with trade partners like Mexico and Canada playing critical roles in the North American supply chain. Passenger cars top the list in this category, but it also includes parts and accessories. That means in addition to new car purchases, imported goods needed to maintain or repair vehicles also would get more expensive.
As with other consumer goods retailers, companies selling cars and parts plan to pass on the cost of higher tariffs to consumers. And they won’t necessarily wait until the import tax hikes take effect. In an earnings call in September, AutoZone CEO Philip Daniele said the company would know how big tariffs would be and would raise prices ahead of time. “If we get tariffs, we will pass those tariff costs back to the consumer,” he said.
Industrial supplies and materials
Consumers might not personally notice the impact of higher prices on every raw material. But there’s one whose fluctuations the average American rarely overlooks: Crude oil. So far, energy products are exempt from Trump’s tariffs. But if that changes, consumers could expect rising gas prices domestically.
That’s because the cost of oil plays a major role in determining the price of gas. While the U.S. is the largest single oil-producing country in the world, the industry relies on imported oil because aging U.S. refineries aren’t built to handle the quality of crude that’s produced domestically. The U.S. spent more than $167 billion on imported crude oil in 2024.
Regarding other goods in this category, it’s worth noting that, even though they’re purchased by producers, consumers won’t be off the hook completely. For example, higher prices for materials like lumber, steel, shingles, copper and other building supplies will raise costs for the construction industry. That could lead to less construction or more expensive projects, which could subsequently impact local housing markets.
The U.S. imposed 25% tariffs on aluminum and steel imports on March 12.
Capital goods
Like industrial supplies, capital goods are a category of imports that stay relatively hidden from consumers because they’re used to produce consumer goods and services, rather than purchased by consumers. But their costs are baked into everything you buy. So even if the goods are produced domestically, it’s possible (even likely) that the machinery used to make those goods is imported.
The U.S. imported more than $962 billion worth of capital goods in 2024, according to U.S. Census data for December. Here are a few notable examples:
Computers and computer accessories
Telecommunications equipment
Semiconductors
Medical equipment
Civilian aircraft, including engines and parts
Farm equipment
