5 Ways to Lower Your Student Loan Payments

To lower your monthly student loan bill, consider these five key strategies. The best option for you will hinge on your financial situation and whether you have federal or private student loans.

If you need to lower your monthly student loan payment to make ends meet:

• Choose an income-driven repayment plan. Decrease your federal student loan payment based on your income.

• Ask for a temporary payment decrease. Temporarily reduce your private student loan payment.

• Use forbearance or deferment. Stop payments, on federal or private loans, for a set period of time.

If you have stable finances but want a smaller student loan payment to free up extra money each month:

• Refinance some or all of your loans. Get a lower interest rate and new term with a private lender.

• Consolidate your federal loans. Combine multiple federal student loans with the Department of Education and get a new term that could lower your monthly payment.

Here are the details.

1. Choose an income-driven repayment plan

Income-driven repayment (IDR) plans cap federal loan payments at a portion of your discretionary income — between 10% and 20% — and may lengthen your loan repayment term to 20 or 25 years. At the end of this period, any remaining debt is forgiven.

IDR can lower your payment relative to the standard 10-year plan, which splits your debt into 120 payments, plus interest.

This option is only available for federal student loans — very few private lenders offer an income-driven repayment option. The IDR plans available to borrowers are:

• Saving on a Valuable Education (SAVE). Payments capped at 10% of discretionary income.

• Income-Based Repayment (IBR). Payments capped at 10% or 15% of discretionary income.

• Income-Contingent Repayment (ICR). Payments capped at 20% of discretionary income, or what you'd pay under the standard 10-year plan.

» MORE: How do I know if my student loans are federal?

Depending on the size of your income, your monthly loan payment could be significantly lower — even as low as $0 each month. Ask your student loan servicer which IDR plan will result in the lowest monthly payment if that's your goal.

One major drawback of IDR is that it'll take longer than a standard repayment plan to pay off your loan. This results in you paying more in interest over the life of the loan. You also could end up with a higher monthly payment as your income grows.

2. Ask for a temporary payment decrease

If you're struggling to make your monthly student loan payment, you can ask your private student loan lender about temporarily reducing your payments to avoid default.

Your private lender could modify your loan by reducing your monthly payment or interest rate for a short period of time. Contact your loan servicer to find out what short-term payment modification options they offer, what's needed to apply and how to get started.

Federal loan servicers won't lower your payment temporarily. They only offer longer-term options, like what's available through income-driven repayment.

» MORE: How to get student loan help

3. Use forbearance or deferment

If you can’t make your student loan payments and need a longer-term solution, you can contact your servicer to request a student loan deferment or forbearance.

Though each option will pause your payments for a period of time (usually in three, six or 12-month increments), the two differ in how interest accrues. Certain loans, including subsidized and Perkins loans, will not accrue interest during deferment. However, all student loans will accrue interest during forbearance.

How long your payments are paused can vary. For example, federal borrowers can access up to 36 months of unemployment deferment and up to 36 months of economic hardship deferment throughout the life of the loan. Cancer patients can request deferment during treatment and for up to six months after treatment ends.

General forbearance for federal student loans can be requested for up to 12 months at a time for up to three years. You're eligible for general forbearance if you're dealing with medical expenses, job loss or experiencing other financial challenges.

If you have private loans, your options for deferment or forbearance can be different. Connect with your lender to see what is available and what information is needed to apply.

While forbearance and deferment will temporarily stop your payments, remember that you can end up paying more in the long run as interest accrues. In many cases, interest will continue to build during the payment pause and will capitalize, or roll into your principal, when payment restarts.

» MORE: Deferment vs. forbearance: Which is right for your student loans?

4. Refinance some or all of your loans

If you have a solid income and strong credit score, you may qualify for a lower interest rate — and lower monthly payment — through a student loan refinance.

Refinancing also gives you the opportunity to change your term. A longer loan term with a lower interest rate will decrease your monthly payment the most. But you'll also pay more interest than if you went with a shorter loan term.

» MORE: Don’t wait to refinance these student loans

You can refinance both federal and private student loans, but you can only refinance with a private lender. You can’t transfer private loans to the federal government.

If you refinance federal student loans, you’ll lose the protections that come along with them. Consider this decision carefully, and don't refinance federal loans if you think you may want to use an IDR plan or pursue loan forgiveness in the future.

See if refinancing could save you money with this calculator:

» MORE: Government student loans: What are the benefits?

5. Consolidate your federal loans

Federal student loan consolidation lets you combine all of your government loans into a single bill. It won’t lower your interest rate but does allow you to extend your repayment term. Depending on your total debt, terms can range from 10 to 30 years. With a longer term, your monthly payment will be lower, but you may pay more interest over time.